Cancer: Lung, gastric, ovarian, liver
Action: Anti-proliferative, chemo-sensitizer, pro-apoptotic
Ingredients: wu gu teng (Fissistigma glaucescens)
TCM functions: Clearing Heat, removing Toxin, dissolving Phlegm and softening the hardness.
Indications: Esophagus cancer, stomach cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer and liver cancer.
Dosage and usage:
Intravenous drip: 20-100ml mixed with 5% or 10% glucose injection, once daily.
Xiaoaiping Injection (XAP) is made from extracts from wu gu teng (Fissistigma glaucescens). Its TCM functions are Clearing Heat, removing Toxin, dissolving Phlegm and softening the hardness. It is used in the treatment of esophagus cancer, stomach cancer, lung cancer and liver cancer. It can be used as an adjuvant therapy for radiotherapy or chemotherapy (Drug Information Reference in Chinese: See end, 2006).
Lung Cancer
Lewis lung cancer (LLC) bearing mice were injected intraperitoneally daily with various doses of cisplatin, Xiao-Ai-Ping, or cisplatin plus Xiao-Ai-Ping, respectively. The combination of Xiao-Ai-Ping and cisplatin yielded significantly better anti-growth and pro-apoptotic effects on LLC xenografts than sole drug treatment did. In addition, Xiao-Ai-Ping triggered the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, a group of cytotoxic T cells, to LLC xenografts. In vitro studies showed that Xiao-Ai-Ping markedly upregulated the mRNA levels of ifn-?, prf-1, and gzmb in CD8+ T cells in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting that Xiao-Ai-Ping augments the function of CD8+ T cells.
Xiao-Ai-Ping promotes the infiltration and function of CD8+ T cells and thus enhances the anti-growth effects of cisplatin on LLC xenografts, which provides new evidence for the combination of Xiao-Ai-Ping and cisplatin in clinic in China (Li et al., 2013).
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Xiao-Ai-Ping (XAP) enhances the quality of life (QOL) of patients with advanced HCC, improves their immunity and extends their PFS. XAP was administered daily by i.v. and the treatment course lasted for 30 days for both groups. The progression-free survival (PFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate in the 2 groups were analyzed. The 6-months cumulative survival rates in the treatment and control groups were 33.3% and 25.0%, respectively, with no significant difference (P > 0.05). The PFS was 18 weeks in the treatment group and 15 weeks in control group (P < 0.05) (Huang et al., 2013).
NSCLC
Seventy nine patients with terminal NSCLC patients were divided into the control group and the treatment group. The control group: paclitaxel 135 mg/m2,the 1st day intravenous drip, cisplatin 30 mg/m2, the 1st day ~ 3rd day, intravenous drip (TP regimen). The treatment group: Xiaoaiping injection combined with TP regimen. The clinical data of two groups was compared.
The short-term curative effect and quality of life in the treatment group was better than the control group. The adverse effect of treatment group was slightly lower. Xiaoaiping injection in combination with TP regimen in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer has better efficacy, effectively improves the clinical symptoms and improves quality of life with fewer adverse reactions (Guoan, 2013).
Gastric Cancer
To investigate the effect and toxicities of xiaoaiping injection in the treatment of the elderly patients with advanced gastric carcinoma, forty-six elderly patients with advanced gastric carcinoma in the test group were treated with xiaoaiping injection plus supportive care, and the 30 patients of the control group were treated with supportive care alone. The total effective rate, the excellence plus effectiveness rate and the improvement rate of quality of life of the test group were better than those of the control group (P<0.05). Xiaoaiping injection is effective and safe in the treatment of the elderly patients with advanced gastric carcinoma (Liu et al., 2012).
Ovarian Cancer; Metastasis
The ovarian cancer Caov-3 cells were treated with xiaoaiping (XAP) in vitro. The inhibitor doxycyclin was also applied to the metalloproteinase-9 (MMP) as the positive control, whereas phosphate-buffered saline served as the negative control. XAP effectively inhibited Caov-3 cell migration and invasion and decreased the MMP-9 gene and protein expression levels (P<0.05). Moreover, the inhibitory effect of XAP was similar to that of doxycyclin (P>0.05). Conclusion: XAP inhibits Caov-3 cell migration by decreasing the MMP-9 expression (Wang et al., 2012).
Hepatoma
Zhao at al. (2011) researched the inhibitory effect of the combination of octreotide acetate and Xiaoaiping injection on hepatoma Hepal-6 cells and the expression of PAK1 protein. The different concentrations (10, 30, 50mg/ml), the different times (-24, -16, -8, 0 hours, 8, 16 & 24 hours), and the inhibition of the combination of oetreotide acetate and Xiaoaiping injection on Hepal-6 cells were detected by MTT assay.
Xiaoaiping of 50mg/ml combined with octreotide acetate was the best concentration of pharmacodynamie action for treating liver cancer (P<0. 05). Xiaoaiping of 50mg/nd combined with octreotide acetate was the best concentration for anti-cancer effect. Using oetreotide acetate 8 hours early was the best time for anti-cancer treatment, and its motility decreased significantly. Above all, down-regulating the PAK1 protein could restrain the proliferation of tumors and reduce motility. This provided the theoretical basis in targeted treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma.
References
Guoan X. (2013). Effect of xiaoaiping injection combined with TP regimen in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Lin Chuang Yi Yao Shi Jian, 22(2): 83-85.
Huang, Z., Wang, Y., Chen, J., Wang, R., Chen, Q. (2013) Effect of Xiaoaiping injection on advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in patients. J Tradit Chin Med, 33(1):34-8.
Li, W.S., Yang, Y., Ouyang, Z.J. (2013). Xiao-Ai-Ping, a TCM injection, enhances the anti-growth effects of cisplatin on Lewis lung cancer cells through promoting the infiltration and function of CD8+ T lymphocytes. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013(2013):879512. doi:10.1155/2013/879512.
Liu X, Su Q, Mao X, Xue L, et al. (2012). Effect of Xiaoaiping Injection in the Treatment of the Elderly Patients with Advanced Gastric Carcinoma. Zhong Liu Ji Chu Yu Lin Chuang, 15(6): 513-514.
Wang. C., Dong, X., Wang, M., Wang, X. (2012). Xiaoaiping Injection Inhibits Cell Migration by Reducing MMP-9 Gene Expression in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. Zhong Guo Zhong Liu Lin Chuang, 29(13): 886-888.
Xiao G. (2013). Effect of xiaoaiping injection combined with TP regimen in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Lin Chuang Yi Yao Shi Jian, 22(2): 83-85.
Zhao HP, Liang LQ, Xie YR. (2011). Growth inhibition effect of Xiaoaiping injection combined with octreotide acetate on Hepal-6 cells and the expression of PAK1. Lin Chuang Zhong Liu Xue Za Zhi, 16(1): 19-22.